Genesis Online University

🚯 High yields  🚩EMBRYOLOGY MNEMONICS🚩🚩

Prof পরীক্ষার সময় এনাটমি একটা vast topic তার ওপর Embryology, Histology তো আছেই...তার থেকেও বড় কথা মনে থাকে না...... 
তার জন্যেই আজকে আসলাম কিছু Embryology Mnemonics নিয়ে,আশা করি MCQ/viva(soft part) তে কাজে দিবে, সাথে Any postgraduation, Residency তে একটু হলেও সাহায্য করবে.....

⛔Vitelline duct:mcq........ closure time
VItelline duct normally closes around week VI of intrauterine life.

⛔Viva/mcq :Name the fetal membranes... 
"" Yo !!!আম্নি করে ভাই, আমরেলা স্ট্ল্ক চাই "
➡ yolk sac
➡Amnion
➡chorion
➡vitelline duct
➡umbilical 
➡connecting Stalk

⛔Potter syndrome: features POTTER:

Pulmonary hypoplasia

Oligohydrominios

Twisted skin (wrinkly skin)

Twisted face (Potter facies)

Extremities defects

Renal agenesis (bilateral)

⛔Placenta-crossing substances "WANT My Hot Dog": Wastes

Antibodies

Nutrients

Teratogens

Microorganisms

Hormones/ HIV

Drugs

⛔Cranial and spinal neural crest: major derivatives GAMES:

Glial cells (of peripheral ganglia)

Arachnoid (and pia)

Melanocytes

Enteric ganglia

Schwann cells

⛔Mesoderm components MESODERM:

Mesothelium (peritoneal, pleural, pericardial)/ Muscle (striated, smooth, cardiac)

Embryologic Spleen/ Soft tissue/ Serous linings/ Sarcoma/ Somite

Osseous tissue/ Outer layer of suprarenal gland (cortex)/ Ovaries

Dura/ Ducts of genitalia

Endothelium

Renal Microglia

Mesenchyme/ Male gonad

⛔Most Commonly asked viva question ;Name the Derivatives of Lateral plate Mesoderm :
🚫Somatopleuric layer:(B.C GAP)
➡Bones & Connective tissue (limb)
➡Gonadal cortex
➡Adrenal Cortex
➡ PARIETAL Layer of PPP(guess what)
🚫Splanchopleric Part (বলদ V.C)
বিদ্রঃ কাউকে ইচ্ছাকৃত ভাবে গালি দেয়া হয় নি...এসব মনে মনে 
➡ব- B -Blood vessels 
➡ল-L-Lymphatic organ 
➡V-viceral layer of ppp....???
➡C-Connective tissue (Organs)

⛔Vasculogenesis vs. angiogenesis

"Vascu is new. Angi is pre": Vasculogenesis is new vessels developing in situ from existing mesenchyme. Angiogenesis is vessels develop from sprouting off pre-existing arteries.

⛔Weeks 2, 3, 4 of development: an event for each

Week Two: Bilaminar germ disc.

Week Three: Trilaminar germ disc.

Week Four: Four limbs appear.

⛔Tetrology of Fallot "Don't DROP the baby": MCQ

Defect (VSD)

Right ventricular hypertrophy

Overriding aorta

Pulmonary stenosis

⛔Lung development phases "Every Premature Child Takes Air":

Embryonic period

Pseudoglandular period-5-16 w--Terminal bronchiol

Canalicular peroid---16-26w---Respatotory brochial--Alveolar ducts...

Terminal sac period--26-birth---terminal sac capillary development.

Alveolar period-8 months to childhood...mature alveoli with epithelium & endothelial cells.

⛔Branchial arch giving rise to aorta

"Aor- from Four": Aorta is from fourth arch

⛔Woffian duct (mesonephric duct) derivatives(.viva)

Gardener's SEED:☢☢☢VVI....

· Female: Gartner's duct, cyst

· Male:

Seminal vesicles

Epididymis

Ejaculatory duct

Ductus defferance.

⛔General Embryology Mnemonics
2nd, 3rd and 4th weeks of development:
Week 2 : Bilaminar germ disc
.
Week 3 : Trilaminar germ disc
.
Week 4 : Appearance of 4 limbs

⛔Major Neural Crest Derivatives:
“GAMES”
Glial cells of peripheral ganglia
.
Arachnoid and Pia Sheath
.
Melanocytes
.
Enteric ganglia
.
Schwann cells
.
⛔Neuroectoderm derivatives....
2 types...
1.Neural Tube ( মাথা বা Brain portion maximum) 
2.Neural crest...described Earlier before

Neurons

Neuroglia

Neurohypophysis

piNeurol (pineal) gland

⛔derrivatives of surface Ectoderm...যাই সারফেস্ এ থাকে তাই... eg..
Skin
Hair
Nails
Moreover glads.....

আপনি কি জানেন.....
Microglia  শুধুই  Mosoderm এরই অংশ
এর আবার দুই পার্ট....
extraembronic Mesoderm -2 nd week....
Intraembronic Mesoderm-3rd to gastrulation...& 
Organ development..... হয়...

⛔Foregut derivatives
“Little Embryo People Do Like Swallowing, Producing Gas”
Lungs

Esophagus

Pancreas

Duodenum (proximal)

Liver

Stomach

Pancreas

Gall bladder

⛔Branchial apparatus:
“CAP covers from outside to inside.”
C for Clefts : derived from ectoderm
.
A for Arches : derived from mesoderm and neural crest
.
P for Pouches : derived from endoderm

⛔Chromosomal disorders: Genetis  এ...

Edward syndrome : election age-ch-18
.
Down syndrome : drinking age-ch-21
.
Patau syndrome : puberty age-ch-13

⛔Fetal Hemopoesis (for Physiology): viva
“Young Liver Synthesizes Blood”
Y : Yolk Sac (from 3 weeks)
.
L : Liver (from 3 months)
.
S : Spleen (from 3 months)
.
B : Bone marrow (5 month onwards)
.
After birth hemopoesis occurs only in bone marrow except in case of emergency when bone
marrow falls.

⛔Fetal alcohol syndrome (FAS):Clinical
“FAS”
F : Facial hypoplasia and Forebrain malformation
.
A : Attention defecit disorder and Altered joints
.
S : Short stature, Septal defects and Small I.Q

⛔Neural Crest Derivatives
“4 Gang MEN wore CAP”
A. 4 Gang (4 ganglias)
Dorsal root ganglia of spinal nerves

Ganglia of V, VII, IX and X cranial nerves

Sympathetic & parasympathetic ganglia (autonomic ganglia)

Ganglion cell layer of retina

B. MEN
Melanoblast of the skin

Enamel of teeth

Neurilemma (Schwann cells)

C. CAP
Chromaffin

⛔First Branchial Arch:☢☢☢MCQ/ViVa
“IMPACTS”
Most of the aspects associated with the first arch begin with the letter ‘M’ and the rest with I,
P, A, C, T or S.
Name : Mandibular arch.

Muscles :

Muscles of Mastication (Masseter, Temporalis, Medial & Lateral Pterygoids)

Mylohyoid

Anterior belly of Digastric

Tensor tympani and Tensor palatini

Cartilage : Meckel’s cartilage

Malleus & Incus, Sphenomandibular ligament & Anterior ligament of Malleus

Innervation : Mandibular nerve, Chorda tympani

⛔Cartilage derivatives of 2nd branchial arch:☢☢☢ViVa
5 “S”
Stapes

Styloid process

Stylohyoid ligament

Smaller (lesser) cornu of hyoid

Superior part of body of hyoid

⛔Derivatives of Pharyngeal Pouches:(Iboi ibo)☢☢
“1A, 2P, 3 TIP, 4 SPUB”
1A (1st Pharyngeal Pouch – Auditory)

Epithelial lining of Auditory tube , middle ear cavity and mastoid antrum

2P (2nd Pharyngeal Pouch – Palatine)

Epithelial lining of crypts of Palatine tonsil

3 TIP (3rd Pharyngeal Pouch – Thymus and Inferior Parathyroid gland)

Thymus and Inferior Parathyroid gland

4 SPUB (4th Pharyngeal Pouch – Superior Parathyroid gland and Ultimobranchial Body)

Superior Parathyroid gland and Ultimobranchial Body

Nerves:
“March 5, 7910.
1 : V3 (March for 3 and 5 for V)
.
2 : VII (7)
.
3 : IX (9)
.
4 & 6 : X( 10)

⛔Heart: primitive heart chamber of heart "The
Broken Vein Always Stenoses, But Veins
Are Smooth":
➡The order of the compartments is:
     runcus, bulbus
➡Primitive Ventricle
➡Primitive Atrium
➡Sinus venosus
➡The connections are:
Bulbotruncal junctionVentriculobulbar foramen
Atrioventricular canal
Sinuatrial junction

⛔Teratogenesis: when it occurs TEratogenesis is most
likely during organogenesis--between the:
Third and
Eighth weeks of gestation.

আশা করি আপনাদের কাজ দিবে, 
ভাললাগা ও খারাপলাগা দুইটাই বলবেন,পরের সেশনে iboi ibo...Histology Mnemonics থাকবে আশা করি....

Thank you....STAY SAFE.....🖤🖤🖤🖤🖤

Utpal Kumar Roy
Session :2018-2019
Colonel Malek Medical College, Manikaganj.
Dhaka.